IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Network196.64.0.0/10

Usable hosts4,194,302

Subnet mask255.192.0.0

Addresses4,194,304

Network address: 196.64.0.0
Broadcast address: 196.127.255.255
First usable: 196.64.0.1
Last usable: 196.127.255.254
Usable hosts: 4,194,302 (4,194,304 less the network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet mask: 255.192.0.0
Wildcard mask: 0.63.255.255 (Cisco ACLs, OSPF)
Prefix length: /10
Type: Public public
Old class: C (default /24)
As numbers: Hex C4400000 · Integer 3292528640 to 3296722943
Reverse DNS zones: 64.196.in-addr.arpa
65.196.in-addr.arpa
66.196.in-addr.arpa
67.196.in-addr.arpa
68.196.in-addr.arpa
69.196.in-addr.arpa
70.196.in-addr.arpa
71.196.in-addr.arpa
72.196.in-addr.arpa
73.196.in-addr.arpa
74.196.in-addr.arpa
75.196.in-addr.arpa
76.196.in-addr.arpa
77.196.in-addr.arpa
78.196.in-addr.arpa
79.196.in-addr.arpa
and 48 more
/10 is not on a 8-bit boundary, so it takes 64 /16 zones.

Binary

Binary view
	Binary (network bits bold, host bits grey)	Dotted
Address	`11000100.01000000.00000000.00000000`	`196.64.0.0`
Subnet mask	`11111111.11000000.00000000.00000000`	`255.192.0.0`
Network	`11000100.01000000.00000000.00000000`	`196.64.0.0`
Broadcast	`11000100.01111111.11111111.11111111`	`196.127.255.255`

Split into smaller subnets/17

/11 (2)/12 (4)/13 (8)/14 (16)/15 (32)/16 (64)/17 (128)/18 (256)/19 (512)/20 (1,024)/21 (2,048)/22 (4,096)

196.64.0.0/10 makes 128 subnets of /17.

Subnets
#	Subnet	Usable hosts range	Broadcast	Hosts
1	`196.64.0.0/17`	`196.64.0.1` to `196.64.127.254`	196.64.127.255	32,766
2	`196.64.128.0/17`	`196.64.128.1` to `196.64.255.254`	196.64.255.255	32,766
3	`196.65.0.0/17`	`196.65.0.1` to `196.65.127.254`	196.65.127.255	32,766
4	`196.65.128.0/17`	`196.65.128.1` to `196.65.255.254`	196.65.255.255	32,766
5	`196.66.0.0/17`	`196.66.0.1` to `196.66.127.254`	196.66.127.255	32,766
6	`196.66.128.0/17`	`196.66.128.1` to `196.66.255.254`	196.66.255.255	32,766
7	`196.67.0.0/17`	`196.67.0.1` to `196.67.127.254`	196.67.127.255	32,766
8	`196.67.128.0/17`	`196.67.128.1` to `196.67.255.254`	196.67.255.255	32,766
9	`196.68.0.0/17`	`196.68.0.1` to `196.68.127.254`	196.68.127.255	32,766
10	`196.68.128.0/17`	`196.68.128.1` to `196.68.255.254`	196.68.255.255	32,766
11	`196.69.0.0/17`	`196.69.0.1` to `196.69.127.254`	196.69.127.255	32,766
12	`196.69.128.0/17`	`196.69.128.1` to `196.69.255.254`	196.69.255.255	32,766
13	`196.70.0.0/17`	`196.70.0.1` to `196.70.127.254`	196.70.127.255	32,766
14	`196.70.128.0/17`	`196.70.128.1` to `196.70.255.254`	196.70.255.255	32,766
15	`196.71.0.0/17`	`196.71.0.1` to `196.71.127.254`	196.71.127.255	32,766
16	`196.71.128.0/17`	`196.71.128.1` to `196.71.255.254`	196.71.255.255	32,766
17	`196.72.0.0/17`	`196.72.0.1` to `196.72.127.254`	196.72.127.255	32,766
18	`196.72.128.0/17`	`196.72.128.1` to `196.72.255.254`	196.72.255.255	32,766
19	`196.73.0.0/17`	`196.73.0.1` to `196.73.127.254`	196.73.127.255	32,766
20	`196.73.128.0/17`	`196.73.128.1` to `196.73.255.254`	196.73.255.255	32,766
21	`196.74.0.0/17`	`196.74.0.1` to `196.74.127.254`	196.74.127.255	32,766
22	`196.74.128.0/17`	`196.74.128.1` to `196.74.255.254`	196.74.255.255	32,766
23	`196.75.0.0/17`	`196.75.0.1` to `196.75.127.254`	196.75.127.255	32,766
24	`196.75.128.0/17`	`196.75.128.1` to `196.75.255.254`	196.75.255.255	32,766
25	`196.76.0.0/17`	`196.76.0.1` to `196.76.127.254`	196.76.127.255	32,766
26	`196.76.128.0/17`	`196.76.128.1` to `196.76.255.254`	196.76.255.255	32,766
27	`196.77.0.0/17`	`196.77.0.1` to `196.77.127.254`	196.77.127.255	32,766
28	`196.77.128.0/17`	`196.77.128.1` to `196.77.255.254`	196.77.255.255	32,766
29	`196.78.0.0/17`	`196.78.0.1` to `196.78.127.254`	196.78.127.255	32,766
30	`196.78.128.0/17`	`196.78.128.1` to `196.78.255.254`	196.78.255.255	32,766
31	`196.79.0.0/17`	`196.79.0.1` to `196.79.127.254`	196.79.127.255	32,766
32	`196.79.128.0/17`	`196.79.128.1` to `196.79.255.254`	196.79.255.255	32,766
33	`196.80.0.0/17`	`196.80.0.1` to `196.80.127.254`	196.80.127.255	32,766
34	`196.80.128.0/17`	`196.80.128.1` to `196.80.255.254`	196.80.255.255	32,766
35	`196.81.0.0/17`	`196.81.0.1` to `196.81.127.254`	196.81.127.255	32,766
36	`196.81.128.0/17`	`196.81.128.1` to `196.81.255.254`	196.81.255.255	32,766
37	`196.82.0.0/17`	`196.82.0.1` to `196.82.127.254`	196.82.127.255	32,766
38	`196.82.128.0/17`	`196.82.128.1` to `196.82.255.254`	196.82.255.255	32,766
39	`196.83.0.0/17`	`196.83.0.1` to `196.83.127.254`	196.83.127.255	32,766
40	`196.83.128.0/17`	`196.83.128.1` to `196.83.255.254`	196.83.255.255	32,766
41	`196.84.0.0/17`	`196.84.0.1` to `196.84.127.254`	196.84.127.255	32,766
42	`196.84.128.0/17`	`196.84.128.1` to `196.84.255.254`	196.84.255.255	32,766
43	`196.85.0.0/17`	`196.85.0.1` to `196.85.127.254`	196.85.127.255	32,766
44	`196.85.128.0/17`	`196.85.128.1` to `196.85.255.254`	196.85.255.255	32,766
45	`196.86.0.0/17`	`196.86.0.1` to `196.86.127.254`	196.86.127.255	32,766
46	`196.86.128.0/17`	`196.86.128.1` to `196.86.255.254`	196.86.255.255	32,766
47	`196.87.0.0/17`	`196.87.0.1` to `196.87.127.254`	196.87.127.255	32,766
48	`196.87.128.0/17`	`196.87.128.1` to `196.87.255.254`	196.87.255.255	32,766
49	`196.88.0.0/17`	`196.88.0.1` to `196.88.127.254`	196.88.127.255	32,766
50	`196.88.128.0/17`	`196.88.128.1` to `196.88.255.254`	196.88.255.255	32,766
51	`196.89.0.0/17`	`196.89.0.1` to `196.89.127.254`	196.89.127.255	32,766
52	`196.89.128.0/17`	`196.89.128.1` to `196.89.255.254`	196.89.255.255	32,766
53	`196.90.0.0/17`	`196.90.0.1` to `196.90.127.254`	196.90.127.255	32,766
54	`196.90.128.0/17`	`196.90.128.1` to `196.90.255.254`	196.90.255.255	32,766
55	`196.91.0.0/17`	`196.91.0.1` to `196.91.127.254`	196.91.127.255	32,766
56	`196.91.128.0/17`	`196.91.128.1` to `196.91.255.254`	196.91.255.255	32,766
57	`196.92.0.0/17`	`196.92.0.1` to `196.92.127.254`	196.92.127.255	32,766
58	`196.92.128.0/17`	`196.92.128.1` to `196.92.255.254`	196.92.255.255	32,766
59	`196.93.0.0/17`	`196.93.0.1` to `196.93.127.254`	196.93.127.255	32,766
60	`196.93.128.0/17`	`196.93.128.1` to `196.93.255.254`	196.93.255.255	32,766
61	`196.94.0.0/17`	`196.94.0.1` to `196.94.127.254`	196.94.127.255	32,766
62	`196.94.128.0/17`	`196.94.128.1` to `196.94.255.254`	196.94.255.255	32,766
63	`196.95.0.0/17`	`196.95.0.1` to `196.95.127.254`	196.95.127.255	32,766
64	`196.95.128.0/17`	`196.95.128.1` to `196.95.255.254`	196.95.255.255	32,766
65	`196.96.0.0/17`	`196.96.0.1` to `196.96.127.254`	196.96.127.255	32,766
66	`196.96.128.0/17`	`196.96.128.1` to `196.96.255.254`	196.96.255.255	32,766
67	`196.97.0.0/17`	`196.97.0.1` to `196.97.127.254`	196.97.127.255	32,766
68	`196.97.128.0/17`	`196.97.128.1` to `196.97.255.254`	196.97.255.255	32,766
69	`196.98.0.0/17`	`196.98.0.1` to `196.98.127.254`	196.98.127.255	32,766
70	`196.98.128.0/17`	`196.98.128.1` to `196.98.255.254`	196.98.255.255	32,766
71	`196.99.0.0/17`	`196.99.0.1` to `196.99.127.254`	196.99.127.255	32,766
72	`196.99.128.0/17`	`196.99.128.1` to `196.99.255.254`	196.99.255.255	32,766
73	`196.100.0.0/17`	`196.100.0.1` to `196.100.127.254`	196.100.127.255	32,766
74	`196.100.128.0/17`	`196.100.128.1` to `196.100.255.254`	196.100.255.255	32,766
75	`196.101.0.0/17`	`196.101.0.1` to `196.101.127.254`	196.101.127.255	32,766
76	`196.101.128.0/17`	`196.101.128.1` to `196.101.255.254`	196.101.255.255	32,766
77	`196.102.0.0/17`	`196.102.0.1` to `196.102.127.254`	196.102.127.255	32,766
78	`196.102.128.0/17`	`196.102.128.1` to `196.102.255.254`	196.102.255.255	32,766
79	`196.103.0.0/17`	`196.103.0.1` to `196.103.127.254`	196.103.127.255	32,766
80	`196.103.128.0/17`	`196.103.128.1` to `196.103.255.254`	196.103.255.255	32,766
81	`196.104.0.0/17`	`196.104.0.1` to `196.104.127.254`	196.104.127.255	32,766
82	`196.104.128.0/17`	`196.104.128.1` to `196.104.255.254`	196.104.255.255	32,766
83	`196.105.0.0/17`	`196.105.0.1` to `196.105.127.254`	196.105.127.255	32,766
84	`196.105.128.0/17`	`196.105.128.1` to `196.105.255.254`	196.105.255.255	32,766
85	`196.106.0.0/17`	`196.106.0.1` to `196.106.127.254`	196.106.127.255	32,766
86	`196.106.128.0/17`	`196.106.128.1` to `196.106.255.254`	196.106.255.255	32,766
87	`196.107.0.0/17`	`196.107.0.1` to `196.107.127.254`	196.107.127.255	32,766
88	`196.107.128.0/17`	`196.107.128.1` to `196.107.255.254`	196.107.255.255	32,766
89	`196.108.0.0/17`	`196.108.0.1` to `196.108.127.254`	196.108.127.255	32,766
90	`196.108.128.0/17`	`196.108.128.1` to `196.108.255.254`	196.108.255.255	32,766
91	`196.109.0.0/17`	`196.109.0.1` to `196.109.127.254`	196.109.127.255	32,766
92	`196.109.128.0/17`	`196.109.128.1` to `196.109.255.254`	196.109.255.255	32,766
93	`196.110.0.0/17`	`196.110.0.1` to `196.110.127.254`	196.110.127.255	32,766
94	`196.110.128.0/17`	`196.110.128.1` to `196.110.255.254`	196.110.255.255	32,766
95	`196.111.0.0/17`	`196.111.0.1` to `196.111.127.254`	196.111.127.255	32,766
96	`196.111.128.0/17`	`196.111.128.1` to `196.111.255.254`	196.111.255.255	32,766
97	`196.112.0.0/17`	`196.112.0.1` to `196.112.127.254`	196.112.127.255	32,766
98	`196.112.128.0/17`	`196.112.128.1` to `196.112.255.254`	196.112.255.255	32,766
99	`196.113.0.0/17`	`196.113.0.1` to `196.113.127.254`	196.113.127.255	32,766
100	`196.113.128.0/17`	`196.113.128.1` to `196.113.255.254`	196.113.255.255	32,766
101	`196.114.0.0/17`	`196.114.0.1` to `196.114.127.254`	196.114.127.255	32,766
102	`196.114.128.0/17`	`196.114.128.1` to `196.114.255.254`	196.114.255.255	32,766
103	`196.115.0.0/17`	`196.115.0.1` to `196.115.127.254`	196.115.127.255	32,766
104	`196.115.128.0/17`	`196.115.128.1` to `196.115.255.254`	196.115.255.255	32,766
105	`196.116.0.0/17`	`196.116.0.1` to `196.116.127.254`	196.116.127.255	32,766
106	`196.116.128.0/17`	`196.116.128.1` to `196.116.255.254`	196.116.255.255	32,766
107	`196.117.0.0/17`	`196.117.0.1` to `196.117.127.254`	196.117.127.255	32,766
108	`196.117.128.0/17`	`196.117.128.1` to `196.117.255.254`	196.117.255.255	32,766
109	`196.118.0.0/17`	`196.118.0.1` to `196.118.127.254`	196.118.127.255	32,766
110	`196.118.128.0/17`	`196.118.128.1` to `196.118.255.254`	196.118.255.255	32,766
111	`196.119.0.0/17`	`196.119.0.1` to `196.119.127.254`	196.119.127.255	32,766
112	`196.119.128.0/17`	`196.119.128.1` to `196.119.255.254`	196.119.255.255	32,766
113	`196.120.0.0/17`	`196.120.0.1` to `196.120.127.254`	196.120.127.255	32,766
114	`196.120.128.0/17`	`196.120.128.1` to `196.120.255.254`	196.120.255.255	32,766
115	`196.121.0.0/17`	`196.121.0.1` to `196.121.127.254`	196.121.127.255	32,766
116	`196.121.128.0/17`	`196.121.128.1` to `196.121.255.254`	196.121.255.255	32,766
117	`196.122.0.0/17`	`196.122.0.1` to `196.122.127.254`	196.122.127.255	32,766
118	`196.122.128.0/17`	`196.122.128.1` to `196.122.255.254`	196.122.255.255	32,766
119	`196.123.0.0/17`	`196.123.0.1` to `196.123.127.254`	196.123.127.255	32,766
120	`196.123.128.0/17`	`196.123.128.1` to `196.123.255.254`	196.123.255.255	32,766
121	`196.124.0.0/17`	`196.124.0.1` to `196.124.127.254`	196.124.127.255	32,766
122	`196.124.128.0/17`	`196.124.128.1` to `196.124.255.254`	196.124.255.255	32,766
123	`196.125.0.0/17`	`196.125.0.1` to `196.125.127.254`	196.125.127.255	32,766
124	`196.125.128.0/17`	`196.125.128.1` to `196.125.255.254`	196.125.255.255	32,766
125	`196.126.0.0/17`	`196.126.0.1` to `196.126.127.254`	196.126.127.255	32,766
126	`196.126.128.0/17`	`196.126.128.1` to `196.126.255.254`	196.126.255.255	32,766
127	`196.127.0.0/17`	`196.127.0.1` to `196.127.127.254`	196.127.127.255	32,766
128	`196.127.128.0/17`	`196.127.128.1` to `196.127.255.254`	196.127.255.255	32,766

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
Prefix	Subnet mask	Wildcard	Addresses	Usable hosts	Size	Typical use
/0	0.0.0.0	255.255.255.255	4,294,967,296	4,294,967,294	16,777,216 × /24
/1	128.0.0.0	127.255.255.255	2,147,483,648	2,147,483,646	8,388,608 × /24
/2	192.0.0.0	63.255.255.255	1,073,741,824	1,073,741,822	4,194,304 × /24
/3	224.0.0.0	31.255.255.255	536,870,912	536,870,910	2,097,152 × /24
/4	240.0.0.0	15.255.255.255	268,435,456	268,435,454	1,048,576 × /24
/5	248.0.0.0	7.255.255.255	134,217,728	134,217,726	524,288 × /24
/6	252.0.0.0	3.255.255.255	67,108,864	67,108,862	262,144 × /24
/7	254.0.0.0	1.255.255.255	33,554,432	33,554,430	131,072 × /24
/8	255.0.0.0	0.255.255.255	16,777,216	16,777,214	65,536 × /24	Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9	255.128.0.0	0.127.255.255	8,388,608	8,388,606	32,768 × /24
/10	255.192.0.0	0.63.255.255	4,194,304	4,194,302	16,384 × /24
/11	255.224.0.0	0.31.255.255	2,097,152	2,097,150	8,192 × /24
/12	255.240.0.0	0.15.255.255	1,048,576	1,048,574	4,096 × /24	172.16.0.0/12
/13	255.248.0.0	0.7.255.255	524,288	524,286	2,048 × /24
/14	255.252.0.0	0.3.255.255	262,144	262,142	1,024 × /24
/15	255.254.0.0	0.1.255.255	131,072	131,070	512 × /24
/16	255.255.0.0	0.0.255.255	65,536	65,534	256 × /24	Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17	255.255.128.0	0.0.127.255	32,768	32,766	128 × /24
/18	255.255.192.0	0.0.63.255	16,384	16,382	64 × /24
/19	255.255.224.0	0.0.31.255	8,192	8,190	32 × /24
/20	255.255.240.0	0.0.15.255	4,096	4,094	16 × /24
/21	255.255.248.0	0.0.7.255	2,048	2,046	8 × /24
/22	255.255.252.0	0.0.3.255	1,024	1,022	4 × /24	Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23	255.255.254.0	0.0.1.255	512	510	2 × /24	Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24	255.255.255.0	0.0.0.255	256	254	1 × /24	Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25	255.255.255.128	0.0.0.127	128	126	1/2 of a /24	Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26	255.255.255.192	0.0.0.63	64	62	1/4 of a /24	Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27	255.255.255.224	0.0.0.31	32	30	1/8 of a /24	Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28	255.255.255.240	0.0.0.15	16	14	1/16 of a /24	Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29	255.255.255.248	0.0.0.7	8	6	1/32 of a /24	Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30	255.255.255.252	0.0.0.3	4	2	1/64 of a /24	Point-to-point (old style)
/31	255.255.255.254	0.0.0.1	2	2	1/128 of a /24	Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32	255.255.255.255	0.0.0.0	1	1	1/256 of a /24	One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
Prefix	Addresses	/64 LANs	/48 sites	Nibble	Typical use
/3	42,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)	2,305,843,009,213,693,952	35,184,372,088,832	No	All global unicast (2000::/3)
/16	5,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)	281,474,976,710,656	4,294,967,296	Yes
/20	324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)	17,592,186,044,416	268,435,456	Yes	Large provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29	633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)	34,359,738,368	524,288	No	RIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/32	79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)	4,294,967,296	65,536	Yes	Provider allocation (RIPE default)
/36	4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)	268,435,456	4,096	Yes
/40	309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)	16,777,216	256	Yes
/44	19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)	1,048,576	16	Yes
/48	1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)	65,536	1	Yes	One site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/52	75,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)	4,096		Yes
/56	4,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)	256		Yes	Small site or home (common provider assignment)
/60	295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)	16		Yes	Some home broadband (16 LANs)
/64	18,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)	1		Yes	One LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/72	72,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)	1/256 of a /64		Yes
/80	281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)	1/65,536 of a /64		Yes
/96	4,294,967,296	1/4,294,967,296 of a /64		Yes	Embeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/112	65,536	1/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64		Yes
/120	256	1/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64		Yes
/124	16	1/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64		Yes
/126	4	1/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64		No
/127	2	1/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64		No	Point-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/128	1	1/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64		Yes	One host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
Range	Name	What it is
`255.255.255.255/32`	Limited broadcast	Every host on the local network
`0.0.0.0/8`	This network	Not routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
`10.0.0.0/8`	Private (RFC 1918)	Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
`100.64.0.0/10`	Shared address space (CGNAT)	Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
`127.0.0.0/8`	Loopback	This computer
`169.254.0.0/16`	Link-local (APIPA)	Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
`172.16.0.0/12`	Private (RFC 1918)	Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
`192.0.0.0/24`	IETF protocol assignments	Special uses such as DS-Lite
`192.0.2.0/24`	Documentation (TEST-NET-1)	For examples; never used on a network
`192.88.99.0/24`	6to4 relay (deprecated)	Formerly anycast for 6to4
`192.168.0.0/16`	Private (RFC 1918)	Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
`198.18.0.0/15`	Benchmarking	Network equipment testing (RFC 2544)
`198.51.100.0/24`	Documentation (TEST-NET-2)	For examples; never used on a network
`203.0.113.0/24`	Documentation (TEST-NET-3)	For examples; never used on a network
`224.0.0.0/4`	Multicast	One-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
`240.0.0.0/4`	Reserved	Future use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
Range	Name	What it is
`::/128`	Unspecified	No address; :: means "any address" in settings
`::1/128`	Loopback	This computer
`::ffff:0:0/96`	IPv4-mapped	An IPv4 address written as IPv6
`64:ff9b::/96`	NAT64	IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
`100::/64`	Discard only	Traffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
`2001:db8::/32`	Documentation	For examples; never used on a network
`2001::/32`	Teredo	IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
`2002::/16`	6to4	IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
`3fff::/20`	Documentation	For examples (RFC 9637)
`fc00::/7`	Unique local (ULA)	Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
`fe80::/10`	Link-local	Every IPv6 interface has one; not routed
`ff00::/8`	Multicast	One-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
`2000::/3`	Global unicast	Public internet addresses

About this tool

A network is written as an address and a prefix length, such as 192.168.1.0/24: the first 24 bits name the network and the rest number the devices on it. The calculator works out where the network starts and ends, how many devices it holds, its subnet and wildcard masks, and the reverse DNS zone to ask your provider for.

It also splits a network into equal smaller ones (one per VLAN or site), turns a range of addresses into the fewest CIDR blocks for a firewall rule, and lists every IPv4 prefix length and the common IPv6 ones in reference tables.

Common questions

Why are two addresses lost in every IPv4 subnet?

The first address names the network and the last is the broadcast address, so a /24 has 256 addresses but 254 for devices. A /31 (a link between two routers) and a /32 (one host) are the exceptions.

What size of IPv6 network should a LAN use?

Always /64. Devices pick their own address within it (SLAAC), which needs the full 64 bits. A site usually gets a /48 or /56 from its provider, which holds 65,536 or 256 LANs.

What is a wildcard mask?

The subnet mask turned inside out: 255.255.255.0 becomes 0.0.0.255. Cisco access lists and OSPF use it to say which bits must match.

Which ranges can I use inside an office?

IPv4: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. IPv6: unique local addresses from fd00::/8, though most networks use the public prefix from their provider.

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IP subnet calculator

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv6 prefix reference

Private and special ranges

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About this tool

Common questions

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv6 prefix reference

Private and special ranges

IPv4

IPv6

Common questions

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