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IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Network248.32.167.0/24
Usable hosts254
Subnet mask255.255.255.0
Addresses256
Network address
248.32.167.0
Broadcast address
248.32.167.255
First usable
248.32.167.1
Last usable
248.32.167.254
Usable hosts
254 (256 less the network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet mask
255.255.255.0
Wildcard mask
0.0.0.255 (Cisco ACLs, OSPF)
Prefix length
/24
Type
Reserved 240.0.0.0/4
Future use; not usable on most systems
Old class
E (reserved)
As numbers
Hex F820A700 · Integer 4162889472 to 4162889727
Reverse DNS zone
167.32.248.in-addr.arpa
Binary
Binary view
Binary (network bits bold, host bits grey)Dotted
Address11111000.00100000.10100111..00000000248.32.167.0
Subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111..00000000255.255.255.0
Network11111000.00100000.10100111..00000000248.32.167.0
Broadcast11111000.00100000.10100111..11111111248.32.167.255
Split into smaller subnets/29
/25 (2)/26 (4)/27 (8)/28 (16)/29 (32)/30 (64)/31 (128)/32 (256)

248.32.167.0/24 makes 32 subnets of /29.

Subnets
#SubnetUsable hosts rangeBroadcastHosts
1248.32.167.0/29248.32.167.1 to 248.32.167.6248.32.167.76
2248.32.167.8/29248.32.167.9 to 248.32.167.14248.32.167.156
3248.32.167.16/29248.32.167.17 to 248.32.167.22248.32.167.236
4248.32.167.24/29248.32.167.25 to 248.32.167.30248.32.167.316
5248.32.167.32/29248.32.167.33 to 248.32.167.38248.32.167.396
6248.32.167.40/29248.32.167.41 to 248.32.167.46248.32.167.476
7248.32.167.48/29248.32.167.49 to 248.32.167.54248.32.167.556
8248.32.167.56/29248.32.167.57 to 248.32.167.62248.32.167.636
9248.32.167.64/29248.32.167.65 to 248.32.167.70248.32.167.716
10248.32.167.72/29248.32.167.73 to 248.32.167.78248.32.167.796
11248.32.167.80/29248.32.167.81 to 248.32.167.86248.32.167.876
12248.32.167.88/29248.32.167.89 to 248.32.167.94248.32.167.956
13248.32.167.96/29248.32.167.97 to 248.32.167.102248.32.167.1036
14248.32.167.104/29248.32.167.105 to 248.32.167.110248.32.167.1116
15248.32.167.112/29248.32.167.113 to 248.32.167.118248.32.167.1196
16248.32.167.120/29248.32.167.121 to 248.32.167.126248.32.167.1276
17248.32.167.128/29248.32.167.129 to 248.32.167.134248.32.167.1356
18248.32.167.136/29248.32.167.137 to 248.32.167.142248.32.167.1436
19248.32.167.144/29248.32.167.145 to 248.32.167.150248.32.167.1516
20248.32.167.152/29248.32.167.153 to 248.32.167.158248.32.167.1596
21248.32.167.160/29248.32.167.161 to 248.32.167.166248.32.167.1676
22248.32.167.168/29248.32.167.169 to 248.32.167.174248.32.167.1756
23248.32.167.176/29248.32.167.177 to 248.32.167.182248.32.167.1836
24248.32.167.184/29248.32.167.185 to 248.32.167.190248.32.167.1916
25248.32.167.192/29248.32.167.193 to 248.32.167.198248.32.167.1996
26248.32.167.200/29248.32.167.201 to 248.32.167.206248.32.167.2076
27248.32.167.208/29248.32.167.209 to 248.32.167.214248.32.167.2156
28248.32.167.216/29248.32.167.217 to 248.32.167.222248.32.167.2236
29248.32.167.224/29248.32.167.225 to 248.32.167.230248.32.167.2316
30248.32.167.232/29248.32.167.233 to 248.32.167.238248.32.167.2396
31248.32.167.240/29248.32.167.241 to 248.32.167.246248.32.167.2476
32248.32.167.248/29248.32.167.249 to 248.32.167.254248.32.167.2556

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
PrefixSubnet maskWildcardAddressesUsable hostsSizeTypical use
/00.0.0.0255.255.255.2554,294,967,2964,294,967,29416,777,216 × /24
/1128.0.0.0127.255.255.2552,147,483,6482,147,483,6468,388,608 × /24
/2192.0.0.063.255.255.2551,073,741,8241,073,741,8224,194,304 × /24
/3224.0.0.031.255.255.255536,870,912536,870,9102,097,152 × /24
/4240.0.0.015.255.255.255268,435,456268,435,4541,048,576 × /24
/5248.0.0.07.255.255.255134,217,728134,217,726524,288 × /24
/6252.0.0.03.255.255.25567,108,86467,108,862262,144 × /24
/7254.0.0.01.255.255.25533,554,43233,554,430131,072 × /24
/8255.0.0.00.255.255.25516,777,21616,777,21465,536 × /24Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9255.128.0.00.127.255.2558,388,6088,388,60632,768 × /24
/10255.192.0.00.63.255.2554,194,3044,194,30216,384 × /24
/11255.224.0.00.31.255.2552,097,1522,097,1508,192 × /24
/12255.240.0.00.15.255.2551,048,5761,048,5744,096 × /24172.16.0.0/12
/13255.248.0.00.7.255.255524,288524,2862,048 × /24
/14255.252.0.00.3.255.255262,144262,1421,024 × /24
/15255.254.0.00.1.255.255131,072131,070512 × /24
/16255.255.0.00.0.255.25565,53665,534256 × /24Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17255.255.128.00.0.127.25532,76832,766128 × /24
/18255.255.192.00.0.63.25516,38416,38264 × /24
/19255.255.224.00.0.31.2558,1928,19032 × /24
/20255.255.240.00.0.15.2554,0964,09416 × /24
/21255.255.248.00.0.7.2552,0482,0468 × /24
/22255.255.252.00.0.3.2551,0241,0224 × /24Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23255.255.254.00.0.1.2555125102 × /24Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24255.255.255.00.0.0.2552562541 × /24Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25255.255.255.1280.0.0.1271281261/2 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26255.255.255.1920.0.0.6364621/4 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27255.255.255.2240.0.0.3132301/8 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28255.255.255.2400.0.0.1516141/16 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29255.255.255.2480.0.0.7861/32 of a /24Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30255.255.255.2520.0.0.3421/64 of a /24Point-to-point (old style)
/31255.255.255.2540.0.0.1221/128 of a /24Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32255.255.255.2550.0.0.0111/256 of a /24One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
PrefixAddresses/64 LANs/48 sitesNibbleTypical use
/342,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)2,305,843,009,213,693,95235,184,372,088,832NoAll global unicast (2000::/3)
/165,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)281,474,976,710,6564,294,967,296Yes
/20324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)17,592,186,044,416268,435,456YesLarge provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)34,359,738,368524,288NoRIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/3279,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)4,294,967,29665,536YesProvider allocation (RIPE default)
/364,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)268,435,4564,096Yes
/40309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)16,777,216256Yes
/4419,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)1,048,57616Yes
/481,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)65,5361YesOne site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/5275,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)4,096Yes
/564,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)256YesSmall site or home (common provider assignment)
/60295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)16YesSome home broadband (16 LANs)
/6418,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)1YesOne LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/7272,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)1/256 of a /64Yes
/80281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)1/65,536 of a /64Yes
/964,294,967,2961/4,294,967,296 of a /64YesEmbeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/11265,5361/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64Yes
/1202561/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64Yes
/124161/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64Yes
/12641/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64No
/12721/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64NoPoint-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/12811/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64YesOne host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
255.255.255.255/32Limited broadcastEvery host on the local network
0.0.0.0/8This networkNot routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
10.0.0.0/8Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
100.64.0.0/10Shared address space (CGNAT)Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
127.0.0.0/8LoopbackThis computer
169.254.0.0/16Link-local (APIPA)Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
172.16.0.0/12Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
192.0.0.0/24IETF protocol assignmentsSpecial uses such as DS-Lite
192.0.2.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-1)For examples; never used on a network
192.88.99.0/246to4 relay (deprecated)Formerly anycast for 6to4
192.168.0.0/16Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
198.18.0.0/15BenchmarkingNetwork equipment testing (RFC 2544)
198.51.100.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-2)For examples; never used on a network
203.0.113.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-3)For examples; never used on a network
224.0.0.0/4MulticastOne-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
240.0.0.0/4ReservedFuture use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
::/128UnspecifiedNo address; :: means "any address" in settings
::1/128LoopbackThis computer
::ffff:0:0/96IPv4-mappedAn IPv4 address written as IPv6
64:ff9b::/96NAT64IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
100::/64Discard onlyTraffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
2001:db8::/32DocumentationFor examples; never used on a network
2001::/32TeredoIPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
2002::/166to4IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
3fff::/20DocumentationFor examples (RFC 9637)
fc00::/7Unique local (ULA)Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
fe80::/10Link-localEvery IPv6 interface has one; not routed
ff00::/8MulticastOne-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
2000::/3Global unicastPublic internet addresses

About this tool

A network is written as an address and a prefix length, such as 192.168.1.0/24: the first 24 bits name the network and the rest number the devices on it. The calculator works out where the network starts and ends, how many devices it holds, its subnet and wildcard masks, and the reverse DNS zone to ask your provider for.

It also splits a network into equal smaller ones (one per VLAN or site), turns a range of addresses into the fewest CIDR blocks for a firewall rule, and lists every IPv4 prefix length and the common IPv6 ones in reference tables.

Common questions

Why are two addresses lost in every IPv4 subnet?

The first address names the network and the last is the broadcast address, so a /24 has 256 addresses but 254 for devices. A /31 (a link between two routers) and a /32 (one host) are the exceptions.

What size of IPv6 network should a LAN use?

Always /64. Devices pick their own address within it (SLAAC), which needs the full 64 bits. A site usually gets a /48 or /56 from its provider, which holds 65,536 or 256 LANs.

What is a wildcard mask?

The subnet mask turned inside out: 255.255.255.0 becomes 0.0.0.255. Cisco access lists and OSPF use it to say which bits must match.

Which ranges can I use inside an office?

IPv4: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. IPv6: unique local addresses from fd00::/8, though most networks use the public prefix from their provider.